Mesoporous solids are compounds used as catalysts and also as catalysts support in many chemical reactions.
Catalysts are chemical compounds that increase speed reaction without modifying its own chemical characteristics. Same of them are used in the same phase that reagents and they are called homogeneous catalysts. Other are supported or imbedded in a porous surface, so called heterogeneous or contact catalysts.
Most of the catalysts are extremely environmentally dangerous, as they are based in H2SO4 and HF, or very expensive, as they include noble metal compounds.
In order to solve it, intense research in the latest decades has come up with catalysts based on polyoxometalates (POM). POM are a large family of nanoscale metal-oxide anionic clusters that combine easily with external positive ions to achieve electroneutrality.
Regarding catalysis, POM group based on Keggin molecular structure is the most interesting because it confers them acid properties and great solubility in watery solutions. In that case, positive ions are protons and compound is called heteropolyacid (HPA). It has applications as homogeneous catalysts.
POM can also be used as heterogeneous catalysts when replacing positive ions by cations to obtain the corresponding insoluble salt: the cation combined with the POM determines degree of solubility, thermal stability, acidity and porosity of the salt. These catalysts must provide a great superficial area, i.e. a great number and size of porous to provide a big number of loci to adsorb catalysed reactions.
Nowadays, according to the cation used (ammonium, caesium) specific surface of about 100 m2/g (microporosity) may be achieved, but mesoporosity does not appear or it happens under no control.
The research group has developed a method to obtain mesoporous solids from any kind of POM based salt. Method is quite simple and synthesis reaction, according to the cation used, is controlled by temperature and pH.
Description of the technology
The research group has developed a method to obtain mesoporous solids from any kind of POM based salt. Method is quite simple and synthesis reaction, according to the cation used, is controlled by temperature and pH. • New catalysts synthesis technique. • Allows an easy control of volume, size and number of porous. • Generates a high volume of mesoporosity (up to 300% from initial porosity of original POM salt). • Allows an homogeneous distribution of porosity within the solid matrix core. • Reduces use of noble metals. • Environment friendly.
Specifications
Catalysts based on polyoxometalates (POM) are a large family of nanoscale metal-oxide anionic clusters that combine easily with external positive ions to achieve electroneutrality. A simple method has been developed by the research team of the University of Alicante. In this method the synthesis reaction in controlled by temperature and pH. The research group has developed a method to obtain mesoporous solids from any kind of POM based salt. Regarding catalysis, POM group based on Keggin molecular structure is the most interesting because it confers them acid properties and great solubility in watery solutions. It has applications as homogeneous catalysts. POM can also be used as heterogeneous catalysts when replacing positive ions by cations. These catalysts must provide a great superficial area. Nowadays, according to the cation used (ammonium, caesium) specific surface of about 100 m2/g (microporosity) may be achieved, but mesoporosity does not appear or it happens under no control.
Main advantages of its use
Applications
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